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Mental health in Southeast Africa
Mental health in Southeast Africa is a concern, where mental illness is prevalent. Mental health issues in Africa are often viewed as the "silent crisis" since they are often given lower priority in a region of Africa where international aid is focused on communicable diseases and malnutrition.〔Gureje, O., & Alem, A. (2000). Mental health policy development in Africa. ''Bulletin of the World Health Organization,'' 78(4), 475-482. Retrieved from http://www.who.int/bulletin/archives/78(4)475.pdf〕 Each country in Southeast Africa is consistently confronted with barriers that make mental health policies a challenge to implement, including but not limited to: the lack of policy, social and cultural barriers, the role of traditional medicine, HIV/AIDS, and the stigma surrounding mental health issues.
== Priority of mental health ==
Professor Anyang’ Nyong'o wrote a letter on June 23, 2011 to the Kenyan National Commission of Human Rights, stating, "Currently there is a very big gap existing between the mental health needs of Kenyans and the existing mental health services at all levels of the health care services delivery system."〔Kenya National Commission on Human Rights. (2011). ''Silenced minds: The systemic neglect of the mental health system in Kenya.'' Nairobi: Kenya National Commission on Human Rights. Retrieved from http://www.knchr.org/Portals/0/EcosocReports/THE_ MENTAL_HEALTH_REPORT.pdf〕
Although there is a lack of attention to mental health in the healthcare systems, it is a major issue in Southeast African countries. Efforts have been made in some countries to allocate funding to mental health initiatives. Uganda's policies are a prime example of a successful effort to improve mental health in Southeast Africa. In 2006-2007, after undertaking an initial situational analysis of Uganda’s mental health system, a new mental health policy was created.〔Ssebunnya , J., Kigozi , F., & Ndyanabangi , S. (2012). Developing a national mental health policy: A case study from Uganda. ''PLoS Med'', 9(10), doi: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1001319〕 The vision for the project in Uganda is to eliminate, mental health issues, neurological disorders, and substance use from the population. From this vision, guiding principles were implemented, key priority areas were identified, policy objectives were selected, and the Uganda Ministry of Health began to make mental health a priority.〔 The World Health Organization (WHO) continues to work with the developing nations of Africa to implement strategies to improve mental health situations and treatment in these countries. The few countries that have mental health policies in place, were created prior to 1990, and are in dire need of updating.〔Institute of Medicine (US) Forum on Neuroscience and Nervous System Disorders & Uganda National Academy of Sciences Forum on Health and Nutrition (2010). ''Mental, neurological, and substance use disorders in Sub-Saharan Africa: Reducing the treatment gap, improving quality of care.'' Washington D.C.: National Academies Press. Retrieved from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK53436/〕 Uganda had achieved great success with their new mental health policies and is working in close cooperation with the(WHO) to finalize their health-care policy. Currently, the(WHO) is working to move other countries’ mental health policies forward.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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